Eco-Education Based Nursing Care to Improve Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management
Keywords:
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Nursing Care, SDGs, Eco-Education, HyperglycemiaAbstract
Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels resulting from insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. The increasing prevalence of T2DM has become a major global health concern due to its association with high morbidity and various complications, including infections, impaired skin integrity, nephropathy, neuropathy, and vascular disorders. This condition aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being, which aims to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. In addition, the implementation of Eco-Education, through continuous health education and lifestyle awareness, is essential to encourage patients to adopt healthier behaviors and improve disease management. Methods: This case study applied the nursing process approach, including assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. Nursing care was provided to Mrs. R, a patient diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and hospitalized in the VIP Ward of Latersia General Hospital Binjai in 2025. Data were collected through interviews, physical examinations, observations, and medical record reviews. Objective: To implement comprehensive medical-surgical nursing care in order to improve glycemic control, enhance skin integrity, and increase patient adherence to treatment and healthy lifestyle practices. Results: Assessment findings revealed a blood glucose level of 347 mg/dL and an HbA1c value of 13.4%, accompanied by fatigue, polyuria, polydipsia, and an infected wound on the left calf. Nursing diagnoses included unstable blood glucose levels, impaired skin integrity, and noncompliance. Interventions consisting of hyperglycemia management, wound care, health education, and insulin therapy collaboration contributed to improvements in the patient’s condition. Conclusion: Comprehensive nursing care supported by Eco-Education-based health promotion can improve the quality of life of patients with T2DM and contribute to achieving SDGs health targets.
Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Nursing Care, SDGs, Eco-Education, Hyperglycemia.
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