The Relationship Between Gravity and Nutritional Status with Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Keywords:
hyperemesis gravidarum, nausea, vomiting, gravidity, nutritional statusAbstract
Nausea and vomiting typically occur only in the first trimester, but 20% of women experience these symptoms throughout their entire pregnancy. Pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum can suffer from a deficiency in fat and carbohydrate reserves, which are essential for the body's energy needs. Due to incomplete fat oxidation, ketosis occurs, leading to the formation of acetoacetic acid. Dehydration happens as a result of fluid deficiency and excessive vomiting. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between gravidity and nutritional status in pregnant women during the first trimester with the incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum at Pratama Niar Clinic, Medan City, in 2019. This research used an analytical survey with a cross-sectional design. The population of this study consisted of pregnant women who visited the ANC at Pratama Niar Clinic in June-July 2019. The sample included 46 respondents, selected using a probability sampling technique. The inclusion criteria were pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum and a gestational age of less than 20 weeks. Data analysis used the chi-square test, and the study found a significant relationship between gravidity with a p-value of 0.002 and poor nutritional status with the incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum with a p-value of 0.001. These significant results suggest that there is a relationship between gravidity and nutritional status with the incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum. Adequate and balanced nutrition can influence the occurrence of hyperemesis gravidarum in primiparous pregnant women.
Keywords: hyperemesis gravidarum, nausea, vomiting, gravidity, nutritional status
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